The TORCH panel is a group of blood tests used to screen for a set of infectious diseases that can pose significant risks to pregnant women and their developing fetuses. The acronym "TORCH" stands for Toxoplasmosis, Other infections (such as syphilis and varicella), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). Each of these infections can lead to serious complications, including congenital anomalies, miscarriage, or stillbirth if contracted during pregnancy. The TORCH panel is typically ordered when a pregnant woman presents with symptoms suggestive of these infections or when there is a history of exposure. For instance, Toxoplasmosis is often contracted through handling cat litter or consuming undercooked meat, while Rubella can cause severe birth defects if a woman is infected during the first trimester. The panel helps identify whether a woman is immune to these infections or if she has an active infection that requires monitoring or treatment. Interpreting the results of the TORCH panel is crucial for managing the health of both the mother and the fetus. Positive results may lead to further testing and close monitoring, while negative results can provide reassurance. Overall, the TORCH panel is an essential tool in prenatal care, enabling healthcare providers to identify and address potential risks associated with these infections, ultimately improving maternal and fetal health outcomes.